Spain Investment Immigration focuses on Spanish Education: Education in Spain was once under the control of the Catholic Church. Currently, the education system in Spain is mainly divided into preschool education, compulsory education, bachelor's education, higher education, and vocational training. Children aged 2 to 3 can voluntarily attend kindergarten's small class, and those aged 4 to 5 can attend the large class. National kindergartens are free, as is compulsory education, and transportation and meals are also free. Compulsory education targets children aged 6 to 14, consisting of three years of primary school, two years of upper primary school, and three years of junior high school. The main subjects in primary school include language, mathematics, social and natural experiences, artistic expression, music, and physical education. Junior high school adds courses in humanities and natural sciences, foreign languages, and religion. After completing junior high school, students can choose to enter comprehensive high schools (also known as university preparatory schools) or pursue vocational training.
Comprehensive high schools mainly offer three categories of courses: first, literature, including humanities and classical languages; second, sciences, with a focus on mathematics; third, technical courses related to agriculture, industry, and other fields. During their time at school, students choose their subjects and complete the courses in any discipline. Upon passing the exams, they can obtain a bachelor's degree. In vocational schools, which take the form of workshop schools and industry homes, vocational training is divided into theoretical studies and practical experience in enterprises, and vocational training is also free. In addition to basic courses, students can learn industrial drawing, management, and various specialized courses.
Salamanca University and Granada University in Spain are among the oldest universities in Europe. The Spanish Constitution stipulates that university associations have the freedom to learn, teach, and university autonomy. Autonomous universities can establish their own regulations, elect school leadership bodies, formulate budgets and staffing, and independently conduct degree assessments.
Spain has thirty public universities and four private universities sponsored by the church. The Autonomous University of Madrid is the largest institution of higher education in Spain, with other notable universities including the University of Madrid, Salamanca University, and the University of Barcelona.
In recent years, estate schools established in the suburbs of Madrid have been an attempt to provide practical education to students. In estate schools, students learn a course in agricultural production while also choosing specific subjects based on their interests and hobbies. For example, in the animal husbandry course, students can learn skills such as sheep herding, wool shearing, sorting, dyeing, and weaving. Additionally, the school organizes a series of themed lectures and discussions (such as on milk, eggs, pork, environmental protection, etc.). Currently, such schools have been included in the national education plan of Spain.
Teachers at all levels in Spain must undergo systematic professional training and assessment before they can take up their positions. Normal schools train teachers for a duration of three years, during which students complete two years of basic cultural courses and educational professional courses. They must then intern for one year under the supervision of the normal school and the primary school vocational supervision committee. Secondary school teachers are trained at universities. After 5 to 6 years of study, obtaining a master's degree in science or literature, they must continue their education in educational specialties and conduct teaching internships under the supervision of university professors and the secondary education vocational supervision committee. Only after passing the assessment can they obtain a teaching competency certificate.